Muru-D Telstra Start-up Accelerator

The Telstra Muru-D Start-up Accelerator hosted a Christmas party with the Sydney Educational Technology Meetup group (SydEduTech) on 19 December. This was held at Muru-d's offices in trendy Oxford St, Paddington.

Getting into the building provided difficult, as this is a working Telstra telephone exchange and was was on a heightened security state due to a recent incident in the centre of Sydney (the army base donw the road was at SAFEBASE alert CHARLIE). After having my photo id carefully checked, I was escorted to the muru-D floor, which has been converted from holding racks of telecommunication equipment to be a place for start-up companies.

Like many such co-working spaces, muru-D has a warehouse conversion aesthetic, with cable-ways still visible on the ceiling, long rows of desks in an open plan environment . There is space for presentations with bean bags and stackable cardboard stools. Unlike the average co-working space, there is a roof-top deck next to the well equipped gym and kitchen, with panoramic views of Sydney (and glimpses of Sydney harbor and the bridge).

There were a series of typical start-up[ talks from the latest batch of businesses (Telstra selects a small number to be in residence every six months). These were well presented, with the usual enthusiasm (and the usual worry about how viable they were).

As this was a joint event with SydEduTech there was an emphasis on education. Also I noticed a strong connection with Chinese business.

The vent gave me some useful ideas. From January 2015 I am taking over teaching of the Australian Computer Society's "New Technology Alignment" (NTA) on-line postgraduate course.

Shipping Container Public Building Acton Park Canberra

The ‘Westside @ Acton Park’ is a shipping container building in Canberra's Acton Park, designed by Cox Architecture and Murtagh Bond Engineers. This is four shipping containers high (not as tall as ANU Laurus Wing of Ursula Hall, which is six containers high). Westside is to be a cultural centre run by by Stomping Grounds Collective. Hopefully it will be more successful that the ACT Government's previous venture on this site, which was to be a futsal stadium, but was not used.

The building consists of a steel frame supporting the roof and stairs, into which shipping containers have been stacked three high. This differs from typical shipping container buildings where the containers themselves support the roof and stairs. Having a separate frame provides more flexibility in what containers can be used, as they do not have to hold up the building. This also allows the containers to be interchangeable, much like the concept (never implemented) for Le Corbusier's Unite d’Habitation. 

The location of Westside was proposed for a convention centre in 2011.  This convention centre was not proceeded with, but the design of Westside lends itself to modular expansion and perhaps could grow into a convention centre. One facility


One use mooted for the convention centre was dialogue. In August I visited the Morris J Wosk Centre for Dialogue at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver.This is a purpose built room, which wile impressive, I suggest is too inflexible in design to be viable for Canberra. The dialogue room is circular with stepped seating and translation and electronic voting facilities for each seat. While excellent for its intended purpose, such a room is not suitable for conference presentations and other uses. A rectangular room with a flat floor could have temporary seating installed for this and other purposes. Delegates could now be expected to arrive with their own wifi equipped devices for translation and e-voting.

Fix for Spray Head Function on Dorf Oasis Veggie Spray Sink Mixer

The rubber cover over the spray button of the Dorf Oasis Veggie Spray Sink Mixer tap cracks after a few years use. This appears to be a design fault with the hard plastic lever which controls water flow tending to push through the rubber cover. After having one tap and a replacement both have the rubber split, I found I could repair the rubber with black silicon rubber cement. To reinforce the button I used the silicon rubber cement to stick a small patch of silicon self amalgamating tape both the top and under the button. But I wonder if it is worth the effort. While useful, these type of spray mixed faucets are too complex to be reliable.

Australian Information Security Certification

In "Could the Government's cybercrime focus be a catalyst for change?" Tony Campbell (IT News, Dec 19, 2014) suggests the Australian Computer Society could "act as the certification authority for information security exams". This would follow the practice of the British Computer Society (BCS) for the UK.

The UK Cyber Security Strategy: Protecting and promoting the UK in a digital world, was released 25 November 2011. A GCHQ Joint Cyber Unit has the central role. Also the UK expanded its Centre for Protection of the National Infrastructure.

As Campbell points out, a review of Australia’s cyber security strategy was announced in November. The ACS assisted with public consultationson cyber-security around  Australia in October 2011. As a member of the ACS Cyber Task Force I assisted in preparing the ACS Submission for the Australian Cyber Policy White Paper and "Response to The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet's Discussion Paper". PM&C was planning to issue a "CyberWhitePaper" in early 2012, but this did not occur.

The ACS Virtual College already includes Information Security as an elective. It could be expanded to cover the  Australian National Plan to Combat Cybercrime, and working with the Australian Cybercrime Online Reporting Network (ACORN).

E-waste in India

The Indian state of Puducherry has issued an Order for Management and Handling of E-waste  (16th September 2014). The definition of e-waste includes e-waste’ covers electrical and electronic equipment to be discarded, including computers, laptops, printers, copying
equipment, electrical and electronic typewriters, facsimile, telex, telephones and television sets. Unusually it also includes refrigerators,
washing-machines and air-conditioners, but excludes central air-conditioning plant. E-waste is is to be sent to authorized collection centres, registered recyclers or returned to the manufacturer. This may be of interest to students of "ICT Sustainability", inclduing the course COMP7310, being offed by the Australian National University on-line to all postgraduate students in first semester 2015.

National Library of Australia Cafés Reopen

Greetings from the National Library of Australia in Canberra, where I am delighted to report the NLA Bookplate and Paperplate Cafes have reopened. They closed in mid November, due to the commercial provider ceasing trade. The Wombok salad is back on (and better than ever) at the Paperplate Café, the less formal of the two, downstairs opposite the map room.

I have only had a coffee so far at the more formal Bookplate Café upstairs next to the NLA foyer (and with stained glass windows). The new management appear to have avoided the mistake of messing with the menu, but have done some redecorating. There are two large sets of dark wood bookcases, one full of antiques, such as typewriters, an old voltmeter and a plug-board from an analogue computer. If visiting Canberra, this is a good spot to stop, rest and eat. One catch is that the Federal government is now charging for parking in the parliamentary triangle area, so visitors also have to pay for parking when visiting the university (I avoided this by catching the Number 3 bus).

Google Accounts Interface All But Unusable

Google sent me an email to say I needed to renew payment details for a web domain. This used to be a quick process with a simple web form. But their system now displays half blank screens saying "Loading", followed by warnings from my web browser about unresponsive scripts and garbled forms where I can't tell what to enter where. After several attempts working my way through all this I finally managed to enter new billing details. Only then did I notice that I was being warned my domain will not be renewed on July 2 next year. Why was Google wanting me to urgently update details six months in advance? Is it because their interface is now so hard to use it may take six months to get it to work? ;-)

ANU Energy Update 2014

Greetings from the ANU Energy Update 2014 at the Australian National University in Canberra. The event was opened by Oliver Yates, CEO of the Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC), who pointed out Australia was over-reliant on coal for power generation, particularly brown coal and that renewable energy was a viable alternative.He said that as a banker he had never seen "An executive team driving by looking through the rear vision mirror", which was clearly a criticism of the Australian Government's energy policy.

Ian Cronshaw from the International Energy Agency presented highlights from the World Energy Outlook 2014. It is expected that by 2040, oil, coal, gas and renewables will have equal shares of energy production, without policy changes to address carbon emissions. China's energy use is expected to flatten out by 2030. US and Canadian production of oil, including "unconventional" sources will decline with, the middle east dominating by 2040. Coal for electricity generation in the USA is declining, being displaced by gas. China's use of coal is not expected to "peak" before 2040, but the growth will reduce.Use of coal will continue to increase in India, but be a relatively smaller proportion of energy use. European coal use will continue to fall, with renewables increasing. Without policy changes, the Carbon Dioxide budget for the planet to 2100 will be used up by 2040. This requires action at the Paris climate change summit.

Hans-Josef Fell, architect of the German renewable energy legislation, pointed out that the International Energy Agency's predictions in the past have underestimated the cost of fossil fuel and the success of renewable energy. His book "Global Cooling: Strategies for Climate Protection", 2012 is available.

Cancel White Bay Cruse Terminal Architecture Award

Sydney's White Bay Cruse Terminal received the 2014 Harry Seidler Award for Commercial Architecture. However, the terminal was not equipped with "shore power", requiring ships to run their diesel engines, causing high levels of air pollution from the high sulfur fuel used, as well as noise pollution. Rather than looking at the way the "light shimmers on the multifaceted surface of the ceiling", I suggest the judges should have looked at the detrimental effect this facility is having on the local environment and excluded this project from consideration for an award. I suggest the Australian Institute of Architects withdraw the award.

Tom M. Dow, VP Public Affairs for Carnival described a "Cruse Ship Shore Power Project" (2006). Ships can be equipped with high power electrical sockets and the wharf with matching plugs and cables. The photo shows the shore power connections to a ship at the Port of Seattle.

Could order and ambition emerge from the fragmented climate governance complex?

Eliza Murray, will speak on "Could order and ambition emerge from the fragmented climate governance complex?" at CSIRO IR & Friends (ANU), Canberra, 4pm, 8 December 2014.

 Over the past two decades, climate change governance has become a complex web of institutions, with over 100 international forums and a vast array of national, local and non-government initiatives. Experts are worried that this fragmentation creates loopholes, inefficiencies and conflict, and some have called for centralised coordination through the UN. But could coordination instead emerge from the bottom up? From flocking birds to flowing traffic, complexity science has shown how order can emerge from the seemingly simple interactions between individuals in a system. This research adopts a systems perspective to analyse the dynamics of the climate governance complex across scales. Using hyperlink network analysis and qualitative methods, it measures the degree of fragmentation of the climate governance system and investigates which sectors and regions are most fragmented. Eliza Murray is currently researching the global governance of climate change with the support of the Sir Roland Wilson Foundation. She was awarded the Garnaut Prize for Academic Excellence in 2012. Her previous roles include Director of Land Sector Policy at the (then) Australian Department of Climate Change.

ICT Super-Corridors for Southeast Asia

Professor Chun Kwong Han will speak on "Knowledge super corridors in Southeast Asia" at the Australian National University in Canberra,  12:30pm, 10 December 2014.

Developing countries in Asia are in the process of transitioning from a production economy to a knowledge-based economy (k-economy). Various new knowledge and information communications technology (ICT) mega-projects are being designed and executed at the international, national, state and industry levels to sustain competitiveness. The structures and processes by which these so-called ‘knowledge super corridors’ are developed and implemented are complex economic-social-political decisions.
A sophisticated model is developed from critical and practice theories, whereby the new critical practice lens generates knowledge for understanding, evaluation and action. In this talk, Professor Han will illustrate the value of the model with two case studies on a k-economy blueprint and a knowledge portal in emerging k-economies in Southeast Asia.

US Government Continues Criticism of Australian Climate Change Policy

Greetings from the Australian National University where the Light, Energy and the Environment Congress plenary is being held. The US Ambassador introduced Dr. Steven Chu, Professor of Physics and Molecular & Cellular Physiology and former U.S. Secretary of Energy. Dr. Chu was the first energy secretary who was a scientist and was charged with increasing renewable energy use.

This acceptance of the need for action on climate change by the US Government contrasts with Australia, where reports indicate that the Australian Trade and Investment Minister will be sent to climate change talks in Peru, to ensure that the Foreign Minister does not agree to carbon emission reduction measures. The support for Dr. Chu's visit to Australia appears to be a continuation of the criticism of Australia's climate change policy by the US government.

Dr. Chu pointed out that there were significant oil shale deposits yet to be exploited around the world. He also criticized Russia for warning of the environmental effects of shale oil exploitation in Improper while proceeding with it in Russia. He suggested that the world should not wait for this oil to run out before changing to renewable energy sources.

Dr. Chu the drew parallels between anti-smoking campaigns and global warming. The public health problem is that there are decades between the time a person starts smoking and resulting disease. This makes it difficult to first find the cause-effect relationship, then convince the public to act and finally for health to improve. Dr. Chu pointed out that the ratio of isotopes of carbon can be used to show the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is due to human activity and is not due to natural causes. He pointed out that the effect of increased carbon dioxide levels will take hundreds or a thousand years to recover.

Dr. Chu claimed that wind and solar power will be cheaper than coal and nuclear power within ten years. He pointed out that when the environmental cost of carbon dioxide pollution is included, renewable energy is already cheaper than coal (obviously this does not apply to Nuclear power). Dr. Chu predicted a cost of 50 cents per watt for solar panels by 2020. However, Professor Loren Brandt previously pointed out vulnerability in the Chinese solar industry, which dominates the world market. Also Dr Renate Egan, has pointed out that by 2013 the cost of the PV panels for a domestic solar installation was less than the cost of the system. The installation cost is lower with large scale industrial installations. Dr. Chu mentioned that companies such as Solar City lease domestic roofs for energy production and the regulatory costs could be reduced to make this more efficient. Also he suggested that production line techniques could be sued for installation. But I suggest there is considerable scope for Australian companies to innovate in how to sell and install solar power.

Dr. Chu is also be speaking at the ANU ECI Energy Update, next Tuesday, 9 December 2014.

Hacked for Humanity in Sydney This Weekend

Greeting from the Commonwealth Bank headquarters at Darling Harbor in Sydney, where Random Hacks of Kindness Sydney (RHoK) has been holding their RHoK November Hackathon. Four teams have been working on four projects with a social purpose. This afternoon presented their results. In order of presentation:

First Stop are building a system for registering survivors after a disaster, so they do not need providing the same details to every agency. This is intended to not add to an already stressful situation and allow more time for helping the survivors. Already First Stop had a barcode printing application using vcard, from a previous RHOK (used for participants at this RHoK). This weekend the team added the capability of adding extra data fields to suit different agencies.


OCIUS: Are providing a website for analysis of data from a   BlueBottle USV . This is a uncrewed solar and wind powered vessel which collects oceanographic data. The problem is explaining to potential users and the general public what the USV can provide and how it can be used. The team looked at needs of the media, environmental groups and researchers. The aim is to demonstrate the system sailing autonomously around Lord Howe Island, transmitting data via SkyWave . I suggested activities for children be built into the website, such as where they carry out calculations from the data and identify and count animals seen by the on-board camera. This reminds me of the Australian developed Aerosonde Robotic Aircraft. which was the first to cross the North Atlantic Ocean (3,200 kilometres in 26 hours). While the system is intended for environmental monitoring, it also has obvious military applications. The Australian shipbuilding industry could do with a boost, having come in for criticism from the Minister for Defence, who said he did not trust the government owned shipbuilder"build a canoe".

First Robotics: This is an Australian offshoot of the US First STEM Project, to interest children in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). First Robotics provide activities for Australian school children using robots (including Lego robot kits). The RHoK exercise this weekend was to look at how to market the activities to parents and teachers. The team produced style guides, wire-frames and surveys for the website.

Benjam: Is a project for the " Woodbury Autism Education and Research" to build an App which al lows children with autism to communicate with their carers. This would use off-the-shelf networked mobile devices and have a user expandable vocabulary. An example given was a new type of biscuit . The team presented a series of use case diagrams, showing the user journey. The concept is that the device would respond to gestures , such as nodding and pointing. While there has been considerable Human Computer Interface (HCI) research on gesture interfaces and some real products (mostly games) these are too compl ex for this use. Suc h an interface might be of use for adults where their attention is limited, such as when driving . Also Australia has an Autism Cooperative Research Centre, which may find this project of interest.

I was one of the three judges and we were unanimous in awarding Benjam a trophy , but all the projects were good.

Venue

The Commonwealth Bank building  in Sydney provided an excellent venue. RHoK u sed a meeting room with a n outdoor area with views o ver Darling Harbor . The building has an atrium letting light down into all levels of the building and an open plan layou t, with no walls at all onto the atrium.

ps: From 19 January 2015 teaching a "New Technology Alignment" (NTA) on-line course at the ACS Virtual College (register now ).

Hacking for Humanity in Sydney This Weekend

Greeting from the Commonwealth Bank headquarters at Darling Harbor in Sydney, where Random Hacks of Kindness Sydney (RHoK) is holding their RHoK November Hackathon. About thirty people have volunteered their time to work on computer applications with a social purpose. The weekend starts with presentations by those with an idea, or problem, teams then select an application to work on work on. On Sunday afternoon the teams present what they have produced. There is a trophy for the best implementation, but as the organizers emphasize, this is about participating, not winning. I am one of the judges and this should be good experience for when I am teaching New Technology Alignment in January.

One of the problems t work on is analysis of data from the BlueBottle USV. This is a uncrewed solar and wind powered vessel which collects oceanographic data. The problem is the analysis of the large amounts of data the drones collect. 

A second problem owner is "Woodbury Autism Education and Research".  They would like an App which allows children with autism to communicate with their carers.

Treehouse at Menangle NSW

For years I have wondered about the house on slits beside the Hume Highway, between Sydney and Canberra. On this trip I noted it was near the Nepean River bridge. So I looked on Google Maps, but could not see a structure. A web search found "Getting tanked" by Tim the Yowie Man (Jul 7 2012), who reports the structure is a water tank. This is surprising as it looks like a house, with a pitched roof. An alternative explanation from the Border mail ("The Smoking Gun", Nov. 16, 2012), is that it was originally a tobacco drying facility.

Helping Public Servants Set Up a Business

Greetigns from the Canberra Innovation Network (CBRIN), where  Dominic Campbell, CEO FutureGov and Mark Headd, Technical Evangelist Accela, are speaking on "Innovation in a public service marketplace". CBRIN has a ‘Public Sector Landing Pad’ (PSLP) program, to help former public servants who want to set up a business. With cutbacks to the Australian public service it is an ideal time to run such a program. There are thousands of ex-public servants who ideas and a considerable amount of capital, but no business experience.

Dominic commented he accidentally left the public sector and started a company FutureGov.

Innovation for Public Service Delivery

Dominic Campbell, CEO FutureGov and Mark Headd, Technical Evangelist Accela, will speak on "Innovation in a public service marketplace" at CBRIN in Canberra, 3:45pm, 26 November 2014.

"... two specialist innovators will explore what it means to innovate in a city designed for public purpose.  

Public service delivery is changing globally – innovative ways of working are being successfully explored – but what does this mean practically?

This facilitated conversation with two international practitioner experts who have “been there, done that” will give you the opportunity to explore and question what this means in reality... the opportunities and challenges, the potential and the pitfalls...."

Defence Diplomacy: Is the game worth the candle?

Greetings from the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at the Australian National University where three distinguished speakers are addressing the question: "Defence Diplomacy: Is the game worth the candle?". Professor Hugh White began by pointing out that the British Fleet visited their German counterparts short before the outbreak of World War One. This defence diplomacy did not prevent war. He argued the idea of using the military for diplomacy in peacetime is appealing. This may work at the tactical level, but not higher. Military officers from different nations can more easily work together if they know each other. But Professor White argued that military officers are not highly enough placed for the most important diplomacy.

In contrast Dr John Blaxland argued that 2014 is not like 1918 and that in South East Asia a military uniform opens doors. This was based in aprt on his experience as Australia’s Defence Attaché to Thailand and Burma from 2008-2010. He expressed concern that the Australian Defense Force had been concentrating in the last few years on operations in the middle east and Afghanistan.



Peter Leahy ex-Chief of Army, described how Peter Cosgrove, then military commander talked his way into East Timor as leader of INTERFET. Australia's relationship with Indonesia was strained by the East Timor intervention, be renewed by Australia's assistance for the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Peter Leahy jokingly emphasized the need for diplomats in the Asian region to play golf and sing karaoke with their counterparts. Australia's new Landing Helicopter Dock Ships (LHD) were nominated by Peter Leahy as a useful for disaster relief and therefore diplomacy. In my view the primary purpose of the LHDs, for amphibious assault, will not be lost on military personnel of the region. The likely result is that military in the region will scramble to acquire a similar capability and also the means to combat it, using submarines. The ability to equip conventional submarines with lithium iron battery technology derived from electric vehicles, increasing their underwater range by five to ten times, is likely to result in a new arms race (in my view).

Professor Nick Bisley pointed put he was the only speaker who had not served in the military or Defense bureaucracy. He noted that Defence Diplomacy where military provides material aid can provide more short term tangible results than high level diplomatic discussions. However, Professor Bisley suggested that this form of diplomacy has only a limited role.

At question time Peter Leahy expressed concern about Australian military officers and units being embedded in allied forces could become too closely enmeshed in the military operations of that country. One of the audience commented that Australian military attaches were assumed to be spies by other nations. Another question was on how much the military could do in the absence of clear national strategic direction. The New Colombo Plan was nominated as a useful form of soft diplomacy (or the "Reverse Colombo Plan" as as Professor White called it).

This was a fascinating discussion of the issues and a much more comfortable one than the previous frightening previous seminar on Possible Use of Nuclear Weapons in Sino-Japanese War. 

Papers are available:

• Time for a stocktake, Brendan Taylor
• Defending defence diplomacy, John Blaxland
• Grand expectations, little promise, Hugh White
• The possibilities and limits of defence diplomacy in Asia, Nick Bisley
• Military diplomacy, Peter Leahy
• Digging in its backyard: Why Australia should deepen engagement with Southeast Asia, See Seng Tan

The Case for Open Data by the Australian Information Commissioner

Greetings from the Australian National University in Canberra where  John McMillan, the Australian Information Commissioner, is giving the keynote address for the "Big data, big opportunity" conference. Professor McMillan pointed out that the "G20 ANTI-CORRUPTION ACTION PLAN 2013 - 2014" made a glancing reference to open data (but I could not find it). He also compared the Australian Government's open data policies unfavorably to those of the USA and the UK. He also pointed out the the Australian Government plans to close down his office (the is the second case of the head of an agency doing important work which the Australian Government is shutting down). The Commissioner pointed out that an IP address can be used to identify a person and so is personal information (this seems an oblique reference to the discussion of meta-data access by security services).

 This is a PHD conference, where the program is mostly research students presenting their work in short snappy presentations (along with some keynotes by celebrities).One I am looking forward to is ‘Putting a Value On It’. The value that New Zealand educational entrepreneurs plan to create, Steve Thomas.

Permit Clotheslines on Apartment Balconies to Help Fight Climate Change

This is to suggest that the ACT Unit Titles Management Act (2011) be changed to prevent the body corporate of cluster housing, such as apartments (flats) from banning clothes drying on balconies. The  model by-law in the NSW Strata Schemes Management Act allows washing, provided it not visible from street level. There is no simialr provison in ACT law and a body corporate is not required to follow the model by-law in NSW. What is wring with washing anyway?

Given that global warming is the greatest issue of our time, having your washing out in the sunlight, rather than in a fossil fuel dryer, should be a positive statement.

I asked one of my local representatives to make the change to the law, Andrew Barr MLA, who passed the request on to the relevant minister, Simon Corbell MLA, the ACT Minister for Environment & Sustainable Development. Minisert Corbell declined to act (coincidently I received the reply while I was attended a talk by the minister). Perhaps other Canberra residents could ask.

Canberra's Low Carbon Future

Greetings from the "2014 Solar Oration" Australian National University where Simon Corbell MLA, the ACT Minister for Environment & Sustainable Development is making a few preliminary remarks. He is discussing Canberra’s renewable energy target of 90% by 2020. He emphasized the adverse effects which global warming would have on Canberra, under a "business as usual" scenario without effective carbon emissions reductions. He welcomed the announcement of action by the USA and China, but criticized the Australian government for a lack of action. However, the minister then mentioned the ACT Government's own reverse auction for renewable energy, which is using an approach not significantly different to the process the Australian government proposes to use.

The Oration Speaker is Greg Bourne, Chair of the Australian Renewable Energy Agency. Mr Bourne described the Prime Minister's comments on "Coal is good for humanity" as being "Out of touch". He described failing to act on climate change as "environmental vandalism". He expects the US President's action to have a significant global effect. The audio, slides and text of Mr. Bourne's presentation is available.

But Mr. Bourne is chair of the board of a government agency charged with increasing the supply of renewable energy in Australia. The Australian Prime Minister clearly does not support renewable energy. However, ARENA's mandate comes from the Australian Parliament, not the executive arm of government.

Mr. Bourne discussed the difficulties for fossil fuel producing companies to transition to provide renewable energy. He described this as a process where a renewable project is started in good times, but not sufficiently fudned and cut when there is an economic downturn.

G20 Energy Efficiency Action Plan Includes Networked Devices

The G20 Energy Efficiency Action Plan issued in Brisbane today includes as the second of its six priorities: "Participating countries will work together to accelerate the development of new ways to improve the energy efficiency of networked devices". These devices not only include smart phones, computers and televisions, but now home appliances, heaters and air conditioners. As the G20 plan points out, these devices use power, even when in standby mode: "In 2015, this work will include consideration of options for goals for reducing the global standby mode energy consumption of networked devices".

For devices such as smart phones, the standby power could be a significant proportion of their energy use. However, for devices such as air conditioners the standby power is an insignificant part of overall power consumption. The G20 will also work on harmonization of domestic product energy efficiency standards. This could result in significant savings in Australia electricity consumption, as Australia currently has low standards for appliances such as refrigerators and air conditioners. There is considerable scope for reducing the energy consumption of air conditioners in particular with smart technology and for making them more compatible with renewable energy sources. How to progress the G20's energy efficiency plans would be a good project for my "ICT Sustainability" students.

A set of G20 Principles on Energy Collaboration were also issued. G20 countries agreed to work together to: "Rationalise and phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, over the medium term ..." (item 6) and "... promoting cost-effective energy efficiency, renewables and clean energy" (item 7). This is at odds with the G20 chair last month saying: "Coal is good for humanity, coal is good for prosperity, coal is an essential part of our economic future, here in Australia, and right around the world ..." (from: "Coal 'good for humanity', Prime Minister Tony Abbott says at $3.9b Queensland mine opening", ABC, 13 October 2014).

Constitutional recognition of Indigenous Australians

Greetings from the Australian National University where Professor  Mick Dodson is speaking on Constitutional recognition of Indigenous Australians. He pointed out that the Australian constitution "was not exactly a centerpiece in our daily lives" although surveys indicate the Australian population supports constitutional recognition of Indigenous Australians. He said the Australian constitution was an exclusionary document with regard to indigenous people. Section 25 contemplates excluding people from voting on the basis of race. He is the author of books and academic papers on the topic, including "Constitutional recognition of Indigenous Australians" (Dodson, Parliament of Australia, 2012). The
Interim Report of the Joint Select Committee on Constitutional Recognition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. was issued in July 2014. This proposes recognition of indigenous peoples and prohibiting of discrimination.

Professor Dodson pointed out that th Australian constitution was one of the most difficult in the world to change, requiring a majority of voters nationally and in every state. He asked if we wanted to retain entrenched parliamentary power to discriminate and suggested that just one question need be put to the referendum: "Do you agree with the repeal of Section 25 and subsection 26 of section 51". The advantage of this, he suggested, was that leaves the question of discrimination to the courts. He suggested other measures should be in a bill of rights, but this was not politically feasible in Australia at present: "Politicians would scurry away in all directions, except the one we want them to go in". If recognition in the Constitution was required for symbolic purposes, Professor Dodson suggested this could be in the readable, where a future parliament could not use it as the basis of discriminatory law.

New Innovation Space Opens In Canberra's Innovation Precinct

Yesterday I dropped in to see the CBR Innovation Network's new offices in Canberra, at Level 5, 1 Moore Street in Civic. This is on the side of the Canberra CBD adjacent to the Australian National University campus and provides a consolidated place for Canberra's innovation initiatives.

In recent years the area adjacent to ANU has seen small IT startups and private education providers move in between the cafes, bars and theaters. Entry 29's provided co-working space (a desk, or a few desks) for micro-businesses with ambitions, in a former building site office. Entry 29 has now moved into the new offices at 1 Moore Street, joining the Griffin Accelerator program and an incubator managed by ATP Innovations.

The new offices only opened last week and are still being set up. Such innovation spaces are traditionally in re-purposed buildings. Fishburners in Sydney is in a colonial era warehouse (with massive timber beams on the ceiling) and Spacecubed in Perth an old bank (with a meeting room in the vault). But CBR Innovation is on the top floor of the old ACT Health building opposite the Canberra Post Office (walk in the wrong door on the ground floor and you would think you are in a hospital).

The new offices are already well equipped, but there are plans to expand to add space for start-up business which have expanded past the micro-business stage and need their own partitioned area, not in the co-working space. This will take some careful design, to provide separation, nut not wall this area off completely from the open areas. The innovation space I saw at the Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology  (Colombo) were a little too isolated.

ATP Innovations are better known for their work at the Australian Technology Park (ATP) in Sydney. In 1998 I suggested Canberra should emulate Cambridge's high technology success and pointed out ATP as a model.

Innovation ACT is holding a IACT Canberra Innovation Network Workshop at the new offices on 22 November 2014. Innovation ACT is an annual conference sponsored by the ACT Government for students of Canberra's higher education institutions (with about $70,000 in prizes). ANU students can now enroll for credit in my special topic for 2015 "Commercialisation and Entrepreneurship in Technology", to earn credit while participating in the competition.

Possible Use of Nuclear Weapons in Sino-Japanese War

Greetings from the Australian National University in Canberra, where Robert Ayson and Desmond Ball are speaking on the alarming topic of "Escalation in the East China Sea: A Political and Military Possibility". Their thesis is that a dispute between China and Japan in the East China Sea could result in a way which draws in the USA. A lack of crisis management and China’s command and control system's vulnerability could result in their use of nuclear weapons. Professor Ball stated that the USA had plans for "limited" use of nuclear weapons against China, including in a conventional war between China and Japan. Attacks on US undersea surveillance systems around China, some of which are collocated with Japanese facilities may also provoke a nuclear response on Chinese mainland bases. Knowing this China would then be tempted to make a preemptive nuclear strike. One area for concern is that the PLAN (Cihinese Navy) may become overconfident in its abilities.

Executive Summary:

• Political competition and a lack of crisis management mechanisms could make it very hard for China and Japan to resist escalatory pressures in the very plausible event of a minor armed clash in the East China Sea.
• Japan’s reluctance to use force may be less extensive than some assume and its connections to US strategy and C4SIR systems increase the prospect of early American participation.
• Command and control vulnerabilities could mean serious pre-emption pressures if Beijing thought a larger conflict was possible. American attacks on the PLA’s conventional war-fighting systems could create perverse incentives for China to use its nuclear weapons early while it was still confident in its physical ability to do so.

This would suggest some obvious actions:

• Crisis management mechanisms including a secure political hot-line and military to military communication channels which are regularly tested. Military personnel should visit each other, observe exercises and attend training courses.
• The USA could ensure it has a Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance System (C4SIR) which can operate separately from that of Japan. Japan could harden its system.
• China could make clear it has a robust C4SIR. China's deployment of military forces world wide recently may be in part to send such a message to potential enemies. This could include conducting exercises which the media and other nations military leaders are invited to attend. China could improve its C4SIR using its considerable commercial ICT industry capability and workforce.

Ayson and Ball recommend:

1. Australian planners should assume that China and Japan may not be able to continue avoiding minor hostilities over their conflicting East China Sea claims.

2. Australian planners should also assume that initial hostilities between Japan and China could easily escalate into a much more serious conflict, potentially involving the United States and possibly crossing the nuclear threshold.

3. Australian policymakers and decision-makers should encourage their Chinese and Japanese counterparts to treat the Sino-Japanese relationship as an adverse partnership involving common as well as competing interests.

All of this is worrying for Australia as a close partner of the USA and Japan. I suggest Australian could go further and help directly with some of the risk reduction measures, especially where China and Japan could not be seen to be doing this directly. Australia could provide some channels for communication in a crisis. If Australian politicians and military commanders know their Chinese and Japanese counterparts and have secure and robust technical communications with them, they could help defuse a crisis.

Design Canberra

Design Canberra is being held in Canberra, 19 to 23 November 2014. I had difficulty reading the website, so extracted the list of events:

• EXHIBITIONS: 2014 Graduation Studio - Bachelor of Industrial Design, University of Canberra, Friday, 21 November 2014 @ 5:30pm - 7:30pm
• MODERN market, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• ACTivate: Flagging our future, 22-58 East Row, City (the old JB HiFi space), Wednesday, 19 November 2014 @ 4:00pm opening event
• ACTivate: Hipster, Hacker, Hustler, Centerpoint, Saturday, 22 November 2014 @ Saturday+Sunday
• ACTivate: Glass Front and Centre, Canberra CBD Limited Office, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Maddison Jayne Decorative Fabrics, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Mending the urban fabric, Canberra CBD, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: MOVE, COX Architecture Kingston, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Refraction, Canberra CBD, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: One:One, Centrepoint, Saturday, 22 November 2014 @ Saturday
• ACTivate: Satellite Studio X, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Sharing Light, Baileys Arcade Civic, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ 5:00pm opening event
• ACTivate: Shopfront for Architects - Design, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Shopfront for Architects - Make, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Un-Earthing Jewellery, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Utilitaire - A Survey of Tools and Their Meaning, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Canberra Times Kids’ Glass Design Competition, Canberra Glassworks, Saturday, 22 November 2014 @ 10:00am - 12.00Noon
• ACTivate: Conversations with ThinkPlace, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Craft ACT Pop-up Shop, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Digital Brutalism, an invitation to play!, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: The Future Sessions – DESIGN LIVE, National Portrait Gallery, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ 5:30pm - 8:00pm
• ACTivate: Design Hub, Centrepoint, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• ACTivate: Brickworks Artisans and Designers, Braddon, Thursday, 20 November 2014
• DESIGN Buzz: A building for the future, National Portrait Gallery, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 2pm - 3pm
• DESIGN Buzz: Timber talks, National Portrait Gallery, Friday, 21 November 2014 @ 10:30AM-12:30PM
• DESIGN Buzz: Prospects for the design of sustainment, National Portrait Gallery, Friday, 21 November 2014 @ 2:00PM-4:30PM
• DESIGN Buzz: Canberra’s innovation ecosystem, National Museum of Australia, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 3:00PM-4:00PM
• DESIGN Buzz: Local Talent Time, Stylecraft, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ 6:00PM - LATE
• DESIGN Buzz: PAGE creative excellence awards, National Press Club, Friday, 28 November 2014 @ 6:00PM - LATE
• Capital of CULTURE Tours: Saturday - Walking Tour ANU grounds, Chemical Sciences Building, Australian National University, Saturday, 22 November 2014 @ 11:00am - 12:30pm
• Capital of CULTURE Tours: Urban design walk and talk, The Street Theatre, Friday, 21 November 2014 @ 5:30om - 6:30pm
• Capital of CULTURE Tours: Saturday - City Landscapes bike tours, National Capital Exhibition Regatta Point, Saturday, 22 November 2014 @ 9:30AM - 11:30AM
• Designcraft - Design + Craft Award, , Thursday, 1 January 1970
• Capital of CULTURE Tours: Sunday - Walking Tour ANU grounds, Chemical Sciences Building ANU, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 2:00PM - 3:30PM
• Capital of CULTURE Tours: Sunday - City Landscapes bike tours, National Capital Exhibition Regatta Point, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 9:30AM - 11:30AM
• Capital of CULTURE Tours: The Designed Capital - an architectural introduction to Canberra, Museum of Australian Democracy, Saturday, 22 November 2014 @ 4:30PM - 6:30PM
• Exhibitions: 2014 Graduation Studio Exhibition: Master of Architecture and Bachelor of Arts in Architecture, Building 7 Architecture Studio, University of Canberra, Friday, 21 November 2014 @ 5.30pm - 7.30pm
• Exhibitions: Ratoon, Beaver Galleries, Thursday, 6 November 2014 @ Daily
• Exhibitions: Suburbia, Beaver Galleries, Thursday, 6 November 2014 @ Daily
• Exhibitions: Boxt, Design Space – CIT Reid, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Evyie, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: 2014 Graduation Studio: Graphic Design, Inspire Centre, University of Canberra, Friday, 21 November 2014 @ 6:00pm - 8:00pm
• MODERN market: Timber & Tailor, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Crafted '14, Nishi Gallery, Friday, 21 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: The Little Paper House Press, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Tanja von Behrens, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Supertrooper Studio, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Creative Licence, Craft ACT Gallery, Friday, 7 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Sturt Craft Centre, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Stuart the Cat Designs, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Do Good Design, Gallery of Australian Design, Thursday, 6 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Sarit Cohen, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Sarah Bourke, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Elements of Public Space, Civic Library, Tuesday, 4 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Pinch River, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Philip Agius Contemporary Jewellery, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: One Ov One, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Little Things – an exploration of miniatures, kawaii, and all things tiny, Tuggeranong Arts Centre, Thursday, 6 November 2014 @ Daily
• Exhibitions: Making Moments, Belconnen Arts Centre, Friday, 24 October 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Myles Gostelow Furniture Design, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Glass x Design, Canberra Glassworks, Wednesday, 12 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Mrs Woo and the Seven Sundays Project, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Mi-Wallet, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Melanie Olde, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Maddison Jayne, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Moments, M16 Artspace, Thursday, 13 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: La Luna Fine Fabrics, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Public & Private, pod at Lonsdale Street Traders, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Kristina Brenke, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Julie Ryder, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: John White, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Resistant, FORM Studio and Gallery, Monday, 3 November 2014 @ Daily
• Exhibitions: WATERSHED: Lake Burley Griffin 1964 – 2014, Canberra Museum and Gallery, Thursday, 6 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Jodie Cunningham Art & Objects, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Resonant Objects, Craft ACT: Craft and Design Centre, Thursday, 6 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: inSync design, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: ink & weave, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: In Between Days, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Harriet Schwarzrock, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: FIVEFOLD Studio, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Dimity Kidston, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Craft ACT: Craft + Design Centre Shop, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Chris Harford + Kelly Austin Ceramics, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Captain Robbo, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Beth Newman, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Beaut Handmade Glass, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Bespoke - Design for the People, Museum of Australian Democracy, Friday, 14 November 2014 @ 6:00pm opening event
• MODERN market: Assemblage Project, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Amanda Herzman, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Exhibitions: Velocity, ANU Drill Hall Gallery, Friday, 14 November 2014 @ Daily
• MODERN market: Post Modern cocktail, Monster Kitchen and Bar, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Yohan Strauss, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Miroslav Bukovsky Trio, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Michael Liu, NewActon Nishi and Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: Fossil Rabbit, , Saturday, 22 November 2014
• MODERN market: brave botanics, Hotel Hotel, Saturday, 22 November 2014
• Fusion: the art of eating, Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House, Wednesday, 19 November 2014 @ 7:00pm - 10:00pm
• Capital of CULTURE Tours: Crace ACT: Walk the Line – Design, Art, Life, The District Café Bar, Crace, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ 6:00PM - 7:30PM
• LIVING ARTISTS: Open Studio - Canberra Glassworks, Canberra Glassworks, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 10:00am - 2:00pm
• Capital of CULTURE Tours: Art and Urban Design at Brindabella Business Park, Brindabella Business Park, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ 4:00PM - 5:30PM
• LIVING ARTISTS: Open studio - Julie Ryder at The Hayshed, The Hayshed, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 12:00NOON - 2:00pm
• LIVING ARTISTS: Open studio - Kirstie Rea at The Hayshed, The Hayshed, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 12:00Noon - 2:00pm
• DESIGN Buzz: Want to design a coat of arms for the ACT?, Canberra Museum and Gallery, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ 2:30PM - 3:30PM
• DESIGN Buzz: 3 minute thesis, Gallery of Australian Design, Thursday, 20 November 2014 @ 12:00PM - 2:00PM
• DESIGN Buzz: Designing our Composite Futures – public talk, Questacon, The National Science and Technology Centre, Monday, 17 November 2014 @ 6:00pm - 8:00pm
• LIVING ARTISTS: Open studio - Lisa Cahill at The Hayshed, The Hayshed, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 12:00Noon - 2:00pm
• LIVING ARTISTS: Open studio - Bev Hogg, HACKETT, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 11:00am - 1:00pm
• LIVING ARTISTS: Open studio - Six Wiluna, FYSHWICK, Sunday, 23 November 2014 @ 9:00am - 11:00am
• LIVING ARTISTS: Guided bus tour, Canberra Glassworks, Sunday, 23 November 2014
• LIVING ARTISTS: Living Architects - Daryl Jackson Alastair Swayn Pty Ltd, KINGSTON, Friday, 21 November 2014 @ 6:00PM-7:30pm
• LIVING ARTISTS: Living Architects - COX Architecture, COX Architecture, Friday, 21 November 20 14 @ 4:15PM (TOUR 1) - 5:00pm (TOUR 2)

Public Wifi Security Risk

I will be on a panel discussing the security of public WiFi services, on Radio 2CC Canberra, 10:30am Sunday, 9 November 2014. This is timely as news reports indicate that the Australian Signals Directorate (ASD) is warning of increased risk of hijacking public wifi networks during the G20 summit next weekend. Even though the G20 is in Brisbane, Canberra makes an attractive target for attack, as the seat of national government and with many public servants, security and military personnel based here.

So far the CBRfree Public WiFi Service covers the central Civic area of Canberra's CBD. The plan is to have 745 access points at a cost of $3.1M. The major security issue with public WiFi is "SSID spoofing”  hot-spots: that is someone sets up what appears to be a public hot-spot, but it is a private system which  reads the traffic before passing it to the public network.

iiNet warn users about “SSID spoofing” when they access the real system (see "Wi-Fi security flaw for smartphones puts your credit cards at risk", The Guardian, Tuesday 26 April 2011 or "Secure user-friendly Wi-Fi access point joining" for a more technical explanation). The system also looks for “pirate” wireless access points. iiNet Online security is important. iiNet recommends users encrypt sensitive information,  maintain strong passwords (and change them regularly), and have anti-virus software and operating system patches. They also seem to be warning not to use the service for on-line banking (which would be prudent).

Apart from the security of the user there is the issue of security problems caused by access to anonymous WiFi. Those with criminal or terrorist intent could use the public WiFi network for planning or conducting illegal activities. As they are not required to register for the service, it will be more difficult for security services to trace their activities.

The CBRfree service is run by iiNet and paid for by the ACT Government, with no charge to users for 250 megabytes per day. The service is provided, in part, to attract tourists and reflect the image of a high-tech city. However, just one serious security incident with the system could undermine Canberra's image as a safe and secure place to visit and do business.

There is an additional public WiFi service available in Canberra: EduRoam. This provides WiFi access on campuses of participating universities worldwide. In Canberra, EduRoam is available at the Australian Catholic University (ACU), Australian Defence Force Academy (ADFA), Australian National University (ANU), University of Canberra and CSIRO. EduRoam users have a userid and password but this is encrypted before transmission to their host institution for access (using the 802.1x Network Access Control Standard). This is more secure than having a web page where the user types in their password.

Telstra is also installing 30 Wi-Fi hotspots in Civic.  Telstra can afford to provide the service at no charge to the government, as it is part of the Fon service. Fon customers pay for access to this service, as well as Telstra broadband customers having free access (in return for letting Fon users share their home broadband WiFi). The Fon system requires user-ids and passwords, but does not use the 802.1x standard and so is not as secure as EduRoam. BT offer the FON service in the UK, but suggest subscribers use a Virtual Private Network (VPN) to improve security when using the public hotspots.