Caravan World (June 2011) has an article "
Dumping the Way", discussing the difficulties of "dump points" for emptying caravan toilet tanks. I was curious as to why
Composting Toilets
are not in common use for caravans. These look similar to cartridge systems, but instead of the waste being held in a sterilizing liquid, it is composted. The result is a very small amount of solid matter. Some units evaporate the urine using a heater, this would not suitable for a caravan which spends a lot of time away from mains power. But other units collect the urine in a tank for emptying (which would be far less smelly and messy than a tank with solids in it). In this case just a small fan (which can be 12 volts) is needed to draws air out to remove smells.
An example is the
Nature's Head Dry Composting Toilet
. There is a description of
replacing a tank based toilet on a boat with one of these. Most of the complexity seemed to be in removing the old contaminated waste tank from the previous toilet.

There is also the "
Kiwi Bog" which is designed to be placed in a caravan shower. This unit does not have a built in tank, but is designed to be plumbed in. It should be noted that urine is considered "
blackwater" and should not be plumbed to a "
greywater" tank used for the shower.
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